abstract：:The effect of endocannabinoids on synaptic plasticity has been demonstrated in a variety of species and brain regions. Relatively little is known about the localization and significance of cannabinoid (CB) receptors in the avian brain. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of a specific CB(1...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Adám AS,Wenger T,Csillag A

更新日期：2008-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Crested Ducks (CR) occasionally show intracranial fat bodies. Additionally, behavioral abnormalities such as motor incoordination can be observed. Here, it is shown that a behavioral test helps to identify CR that have a problematical fat body. The ducks were put on their backs, and the time required for them to stand...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Cnotka J,Tiemann I,Frahm HD,Rehkämper G

更新日期：2008-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study tests the influence of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) on the initiation of horizontal and vertical saccades, alone or combined with a predictable divergence. A gap paradigm was used; TMS was applied 100 ms after target onset. TMS of the left PPC increased the ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Vernet M,Yang Q,Daunys G,Orssaud C,Kapoula Z

更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The glutamatergic system is an important target in many neurodegenerative diseases and for several neurotoxic drugs. Organotellurium compounds are often very good free radical scavengers' agents. Recently, we reported that diethyl-2-phenyl-2-tellurophenyl vinylphosphonate is a compound with low toxicity in vitro and i...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Avila DS,Gubert P,Palma A,Colle D,Alves D,Nogueira CW,Rocha JB,Soares FA

更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper surveys more than twenty types of tactile illusions and discusses several of their aspects. These aspects include the ease with which they can be demonstrated and whether they have clear visual analogs. The paper also shows how to construct equipment made of simple supplies able to deliver well-controlled t...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Hayward V

更新日期：2008-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Abundance of muscle spindles is most likely related to gradual recruitment and functional specialization of motor units, as well as to their fundamental role in reflex intermuscular interaction and cooperation with other sensory systems. Spindle afferents per se usually convey ambiguous kinesthetic information to the ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Feldman AG

更新日期：2008-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) rat model of depression has been widely used in studies on the behavioral and neurochemical aspects of human depression. The objective of the present investigation was to assess open field (OF) activity and the brain regional 5-HT(1A) receptor densities of the sham operated (SHX) and ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Sato H,Skelin I,Debonnel G,Diksic M

更新日期：2008-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphate pesticides targets serotonin (5HT) systems, which are involved in emotional and appetitive behaviors. We exposed neonatal rats to daily doses of diazinon on postnatal days 1-4, using doses (0.5 or 2mg/kg) spanning the threshold for barely-detectable cholinesterase inh...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Slotkin TA,Ryde IT,Levin ED,Seidler FJ

更新日期：2008-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of odour components on dopamine release from rat brain striatal slices and rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells were examined. The striatal slices were directly stimulated with 0.5% odour-including Krebs buffer using a superfusion method. In this experiment, (Z)-3-hexenol, (E)-2-hexenal, n-hexanal, 1,8-cineol...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Kako H,Fukumoto S,Kobayashi Y,Yokogoshi H

更新日期：2008-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuronal tracer DiI was applied to different brain centers of the rainbow trout in order to study the connections of pretectal nuclei. Our results showed that some pretectal nuclei receive a direct projection from the contralateral retina: the parvocellular superficial pretectal nucleus, the central pretectal nucl...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Folgueira M,Anadón R,Yáñez J

更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:We quantitatively analyzed the developing prospective neural and non-neural ectoderm during chicken gastrulation on semithin transverse sections. At stage PS8 (primitive streak stage 8 of Lopez-Sanchez et al. [C. Lopez-Sanchez, L. Puelles, V. Garcia-Martinez, L. Rodriguez-Gallardo, Morphological and molecular analysis...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Rodríguez-Gallardo L,Hidalgo-Sánchez M,Sánchez-Arrones L,Prior L,Puelles L

更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate whether primary vestibular afferent fibers establish direct connections with the motor and sensory trigeminal system in the brainstem of the frog. The experiments were carried out on Rana esculenta. In anaesthetized animals the trigeminal and vestibular nerves were prepared, an...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Matesz C,Kovalecz G,Veress G,Deák A,Rácz E,Bácskai T

更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:To compare the developmental pattern of the visual tecto- and thalamofugal pathways in the altricial pigeon, we examined the posthatch differentiation of the retinothalamic system. Choleratoxin was injected into the left and right eye to visualize the retinal innervation pattern of the lateral geniculate nucleus of th...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Manns M,Freund N,Güntürkün O

更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In pigeons, the tectofugal system is functionally as well as structurally lateralized. So for example the right nucleus rotundus is less modulated by right forebrain influences than the left nucleus rotundus by the left ones. This functional lateralization pattern may depend on a dynamic balance between left and right...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Freund N,Güntürkün O,Manns M

更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is the major neuromodulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, regulating the behavioural, endocrine, autonomic and immune responses to stress. Together with the recently discovered members of the CRF peptide family, urocortin 1, urocortin 2 and urocortin 3, it also has ne...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Bagosi Z,Jászberényi M,Szabó G,Telegdy G

更新日期：2008-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Our previous study demonstrated that single intrathecal (i.t.) application of fluorocitrate, a glial metabolic inhibitor, synergized electroacupuncture (EA) antagonizing behavioral hypersensitivity in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced monoarthritic rat. To further investigate the relationship between spinal gli...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Sun S,Cao H,Han M,Li TT,Zhao ZQ,Zhang YQ

更新日期：2008-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Sequence variations in genes involved in inflammation system are known to contribute to the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including stroke. In this study, we performed a genetic association study on the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) present in the genes CD14 (-159 C/T), TNFalpha (-308 G/A), IL-1alpha ...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Banerjee I,Gupta V,Ahmed T,Faizaan M,Agarwal P,Ganesh S

更新日期：2008-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:A correlative study between behavioral, neurochemical and hormonal measures was conducted on male black tufted-ear marmoset monkeys (Callithrix penicillata). Behavioral analysis was performed in order to examine the effects of confrontation with a natural predator (taxidermized oncilla cat, Felis tigrina). The subject...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Silva MA,Topic B,Lamounier-Zepter V,Huston JP,Tomaz C,Barros M

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:"Responder" Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats that were sensitive to electroacupuncture (EA) in an acute thermal pain test (i.e. tail flick latency [TFL] test) maintained sensitivity to EA in the warm allodynia test after peripheral nerve injury. Similarly, the "non-responder" SD rats that were insensitive to EA in the TFL tes...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Kim SK,Moon HJ,Park JH,Lee G,Shin MK,Hong MC,Bae H,Jin YH,Min BI

更新日期：2007-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:All mammals have complex behaviours but these are generally stereotyped in nature and lack the flexibility of human behaviour. Can the flexibility of human behaviour be understood as an evolutionary extension of previous behaviours or is it a departure? Theories pertaining to this question have a long history includin...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Neill D

更新日期：2007-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, we showed for the first time the localization of ZNT7 immunoreactivity in the mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) by means of immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Our results revealed that ZNT7 immunoreactivity was abundantly expressed in the nerve cells of the mouse DRG. Str...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Zhang L,Chi ZH,Ren H,Rong M,Dahlstrom A,Huang L,Wang ZY

更新日期：2007-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple lines of investigation have explored the role of dopaminergic systems in mental depression. Chronic treatment with antidepressant drugs has been reported to alter dopaminergic neurotransmission, most notably a sensitization of behavioural responses to agonists acting at D2/D3 dopamine receptors within the nuc...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Dhir A,Kulkarni SK

更新日期：2007-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones including triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Semiquantitative analyses using northern blot and in situ hybridization suggested that TSH gene transcription is upregulated under conditions of hypothyroidism. However, no qua...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Sugimoto K,Mori K,Uchida K,Kobayashi D,Itoi K

更新日期：2007-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The central anti-nociception of BmK IT2, a sodium channel modulator from scorpion Buthus martensi Karsh (BmK) was investigated in this study. It was found that the formalin-induced rat spontaneous flinches and spinal c-Fos expression could be significantly suppressed by intrathecal BmK IT2 pre- or post-formalin inject...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Bai ZT,Liu T,Pang XY,Chai ZF,Ji YH

更新日期：2007-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well known that some epileptic patients does not respond to conventional treatments, despite multiple combination of antiepileptic drugs, and they are therefore considered drug-resistant. For these patients, vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) represents a successful alternative to traditional therapy, and it is gener...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Borghetti D,Pizzanelli C,Maritato P,Fabbrini M,Jensen S,Iudice A,Murri L,Sartucci F

更新日期：2007-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammals and birds are the only animals that exhibit high-amplitude slow-waves (SWs) in the electroencephalogram during sleep. The SWs that characterize slow-wave sleep (SWS) in mammals and birds reflect the large-scale synchronization of slow neuronal activity. In mammals, this synchronization is dependent upon the hi...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Rattenborg NC

更新日期：2007-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) promotes target DNA transcription in response to cellular stimulation in brain neurons. Phosphorylation of CREB is regulated by a variety of extracellular and intracellular signals. In this study, protein kinase C (PKC)-regulated CREB phosphorylatio...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Mao LM,Tang Q,Wang JQ

更新日期：2007-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic analysis aims to identify the variations in DNA sequence whose functional consequences produce heritable variations in phenotype. In one of the first successes of unbiased molecular genetic analysis in human disease, the Huntington's disease (HD) gene was mapped and cloned without any prior knowledge of the na...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Gusella JF,Macdonald M

更新日期：2007-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathomechanisms involved in the neuronal dysfunction in Huntington disease (HD) are still unresolved and may be heterogeneous. One potential mechanism might be related to the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction in the CNS. This might lead firstly to neuronal dysfunction and finally to the activation of apoptoti...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Murck H,Manku M

更新日期：2007-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) is involved in several morphogenetic processes of the central nervous system. In the present study the expression of PSA-NCAM has been investigated in the rat thalamus during embryonic and postnatal development using light and electron microscopic...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Mazzetti S,Ortino B,Inverardi F,Frassoni C,Amadeo A

更新日期：2007-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Developmental malformations of cortex have been shown to co-occur with language, learning, and other cognitive deficits in humans. Rodent models have repeatedly shown that animals with such developmental malformations have deficits related to auditory processing and learning. More specifically, freeze-lesion induced m...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Threlkeld SW,McClure MM,Bai J,Wang Y,LoTurco JJ,Rosen GD,Fitch RH

更新日期：2007-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1906, the first Nobel prize in the neurosciences was awarded jointly to Camillo Golgi and Santiago Ramón y Cajal in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine linked together forever these two scientists. One century later, what remains of their oppos...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Mazzarello P

更新日期：2007-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent in vivo electrophysiological studies in our laboratory demonstrated medial thalamus (MT) induced short-term facilitation in the middle layers of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The aim of the present study was to investigate different forms of short-term plasticity (STP) in layer II/III of the ACC in an in...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Lee CM,Sylantyev S,Shyu BC

更新日期：2007-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The function of the phasic dopamine signal, seen in response to salient and rewarding stimuli, has been heavily debated. The reward prediction error hypothesis has been criticised for the suggestion that such a complex signal could be derived at short latencies, relying only on subcortical inputs. However, as more has...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Stewart RD,Dommett EJ

更新日期：2006-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Many objective and quantitative methods have been developed to create a procedure or a device to prove, describe and quantify olfactory deficit and anosmia, especially after a head trauma. Electrophysiological testing throughout olfactoelectroencephalography (olfactoEEG) is based on brain activity desynchronisation, a...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Bonanni E,Borghetti D,Fabbrini M,Maestri M,Cignoni F,Sartucci F,Murri L

更新日期：2006-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:This work is the second of a series of papers in which we investigated the neurophysiological basis of deep brain stimulation (DBS) clinical efficacy using post-operative local field potential (LFP) recordings from DBS electrodes implanted in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in patients with Parkinson's disease. We found...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Priori A,Ardolino G,Marceglia S,Mrakic-Sposta S,Locatelli M,Tamma F,Rossi L,Foffani G

更新日期：2006-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:During normal ageing, photoreceptors of the human retina undergo various structural changes. We examined retinas from 33 donors (56 eyes; age span 13-94 years) by electron microscopy to see morphological changes in the cones with ageing. We show mitochondrial alterations and occurrence of electron-dense globules in th...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Nag TC,Wadhwa S,Chaudhury S

更新日期：2006-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylphenidate (MPD), commonly known as Ritalin, is the most frequently prescribed drug to treat children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Adolescence is a period of development involving numerous neuroplasticities throughout the central nervous system (CNS). Exposure to a psychostimul...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Yang PB,Swann AC,Dafny N

更新日期：2006-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:To acquire knowledge about the environment two types of learning are necessary: declarative localizatory learning about where environmental cues and the subject are, and procedural learning about how to explore and move around the environment. Experimental data indicate that hippocampal regions are involved in spatial...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Leggio MG,Federico F,Neri P,Graziano A,Mandolesi L,Petrosini L

更新日期：2006-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Enhancing inhibition via gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors contributes to anesthetic-induced impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory synaptic transmission, which may account for general anesthesia-associated memory impairment (amnesia). The neuron-specific K+ -Cl- cotransporter 2 (KCC...

journal_title：Brain research bulletin

authors： Wang W,Wang H,Gong N,Xu TL

更新日期：2006-10-16 00:00:00